### **set uid (SUID) bit** When set, files will get executed with the privileges of the file owner. ### **setgid (SGID) bit** When set on a file, the file will get executed with the privileges of the file group. When set on a directory, files created within that directory will inherit the group of the directory itself. ### **ls** ```bash $ ls -l /bin/date -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 60416 Apr 28 2010 /bin/dat ``` **In the example above the file is owned by root and is in the root group. The root user can read, write, and execute the file Members of the root group can read and execute the file, but can not write to it Everyone else on the system can read and execute the file, but can not write to it** - The first 10 character indicate the permissions set on the file or directory. - The first character simply indicates the type (e.g. '-' for file, 'd' for directory) - Each set of 3 following the type, indicate read (r), write (w), and execute(x) - SUID/SGID permissions are represented by an 's' in the execute position